Dyslexia.

Dyslexia: A condition some people are born with, which is primarily characterized by difficulty with language. Dyslexia is one of several distinct learning disabilities. It is a specific language-based disorder of constitutional origin characterized by difficulties in single word decoding, usually reflecting insufficient phonological processing abilities. These difficulties in single word decoding are often unexpected in relation to age and other cognitive and academic abilities; they are not the result of generalized developmental disability or …

…Experts diagnose dyslexia only when reliable evidence shows that a child's reading difficulties do not seem correctable through intensive, appropriate instruction. A child may not respond well in group instructional settings and may fall behind classmates in both reading acquisition and phonological processing skills. But these deficits alone would not warrant a diagnosis of dyslexia. Such a diagnosis is appropriate only if the deficits remain after the child receives intensive tutorial instruction to correct them.